Sample characteristics: Mexico

Census characteristics

1960

1970

1990

2000

Title

VIII General Population and Housing Census, 1960

IX General Population and Housing Census, 1970

XI General Population and Housing Census, 1990

XII General Population and Housing Census, 2000

Census Agency

Dirección General de Estadística, Secretaría de
Industria y Comercio

Industria y Comercio

Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Geografía e
Informática (INEGI)

Informática (INEGI)

Population
universe

Mexican residents; foreign born living more than 6
months in Mexico, excluding diplomatic personnel

Mexican residents, excluding foreign diplomats;
includes Mexican diplomats, military, and sailors, including their
families, resident in other countries

Mexican citizens, including Mexican diplomats and
their families resident in other countries; foreign residents, not
including foreigners in diplomatic service or their families. The
census sought to enumerate vagrants, the homeless, and transient
workers.

The current version of the microdata sample excludes
persons living abroad.

—

De jure or de
facto

De jure

De jure

De jure

De jure

Enumeration unit

Occupied dwelling

Occupied dwelling

Occupied dwelling

Occupied dwelling

Census day

June 8, 1960

January 28, 1970

March 12, 1990

February 14, 2000

Field work period

June 8, 1960

Most work was completed on enumeration day

March 12-16, 1990

February 7-18, 2000

Enumeration forms

Separate enumeration form for each census block

Separate enumeration form for each dwelling

Long (f1) and short (f2) dwelling enumeration forms;
long form was applied to a sample survey.

Type of field
work

Direct enumeration

Direct enumeration

Direct enumeration

Direct enumeration

Respondent

Householder

Householder

Householder

Persons 15 year of age or older living in the
dwelling and knowledgeable about the other residents

Undercount

No official estimates

No official estimates

No official estimates

No official estimates

Microdata sample characteristics

1960

1970

1990

2000

Microdata source

CELADE

INEGI. Constructed from a sample of enumeration forms
to obtain preliminary results for the census

INEGI. Constructed from the 100% microdata file

INEGI. Constructed from 100% of long form
questionnaires

Sample design

Representative sample of individuals.

Systematic sample of every hundredth dwelling, after
a random start.

Systematic sample of private dwellings.
Geographically sorted by population size (municipality and locality)
to increase precision. Samples executed independently for each
federal entity.

Stratified cluster design; stratified geographically
by municipality and urban area. Clusters are defined as enumeration
areas (AGEB), blocks of dwellings or localities. All dwellings
within a cluster are included in sample. Sample fraction depends
upon demographic heterogeneity of municipalities. The sample was
designed to yield representative statistics for all localities with
50,000 inhabitants or more.

Sample unit

Individuals

Dwellings

Dwellings

Enumeration areas (AGEB/block of
dwellings/locality)

Sample fraction

1.5%

1%

10%

10.6%

Sample size (person
records)

502,800

483,405

8,118,242

10,099,182

Sample weights

Self-weighting.

Expansion factor = 66.7.

Self-weighting.

Expansion factor = 100.

Self-weighting.

Expansion factor = 10.

Weights computed by census agency should be used for
most types of analysis.

Units identified

1960

1970

1990

2000

Dwellings

Not available in microdata sample

Yes

Yes

Yes

Vacant dwellings

No

No

No

No

Households

Not available in microdata sample

Yes

Yes

Yes

Individuals

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Group quarters

Not identified

Not identified

Not available in microdata sample

Not available in microdata sample

Special
populations

—

—

—

Non-resident migrants are not included in the current
version of the microdata.

Unit definitions

1960

1970

1990

2000

Dwelling

Occupied dwelling with independent entryway used for
shelter

Occupied dwelling with independent entryway used for
shelter

Occupied dwelling with independent entryway used for
shelter

Occupied dwelling with independent entryway used for
shelter

Private household

Group of persons, related or not, who live together
under the same roof and share food expenses

Group of persons, related or not, who live together
under the same roof and share food expenses

Group of persons, related or not, who live together
under the same roof and share food expenses

Group of persons, related or not, who live together
under the same roof and share food expenses

Group quarters

Not defined

Not defined

Building used to shelter people for reasons of
assistance, health, education, religion, confinement or service

Building used to shelter people for reasons of
assistance, health, education, religion, confinement or
service

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