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Table 1. Population of Chiapas by Language Ability

	Total	Speak a Native Language
Year	Population	Monolingual	Bilingual	Total
1970	1,569,053	147,720	140,116	287,836
1990	3,210,496	228,889	453,508	716,012

Source: INEGI, official statistics.

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Table 2. The death of the vernacular within a Tzeltal family
(census microdata sample, 1990)

Relation	Sex	Age	Vernacular	Spanish	Literate	Schooling
head	male	37	Tzeltal	yes	no	no
spouse	female	38	Tzeltal	yes	no	no
daughter	female	13	none	only	yes	yes
daughter	female	10	none	only	yes	yes
son	male	9	Tzeltal	yes	yes	yes
son	male	7	Tzeltal	yes	yes	yes

Source: INEGI 1994, 1990 census microdata sample.

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Table 3. Why do Chiapanecan children of indigenous parents only speak a vernacular? (1990)

	B	S.E.	Sig P<	Exp(B)
Child has no schooling	2.72	.144	.000	15.19
Mother speaks vernacular	1.40	.106	.000	4.04
Father speaks vernacular	.37	.113	.001	1.44
Father earns no income	.34	.139	.015	1.40
Father earns less than $75	-.05	.123	.691	.95

Source: INEGI 1994, 1990 census microdata sample.
Note: This logistic regression model is limited to children aged 6-14 years residing with mother and father in the same household in settlements of less than 2,500 inhabitants; number of cases: 1562.