Brazil, Colony to Empire, 1750-1822
Gold production boomed until 1750s, then declined steadily.
Ouro Preto (Black Gold), Minas Gerais: gold of many colors and qualities
Booms and busts: from bullionism to state-sponsored capitalism
Slave imports were sustained by gold mining and then revived by agricultural booms at beginning of 19th century
Slaves panning for gold in Minas Gerais
Diamond mining
Slaves were porters as well as producers
Age of Pombal, 1750-1777
Paradox of the Marquis de Pombal (1699-1782), sec. of state and foreign affairs (1750-1777)
Expulsion of Jesuits, 1759
Jesuit aldeias in Southern Brazil became parishes or villas under secular directors
Pombal formed colonial militias
Pombal, the paradox
Independence with hardly a battle
End
Email: rmccaa@maroon.tc.umn.edu
Home Page: http://www.hist.umn.edu/~rmccaa/
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