Spain: inoculation introduced in 1768; and New Spain in 1797.
Opposed in Spain: Protomedicato feared increased frequency of epidemics and exposure of uninoculated to higher risks. Public health versus private practice.
New Spain, 1797: Mass campaign in various regions of Mexico was effective in checking the epidemic of 1797 (e.g., Chiapas, Durango) Durango ill died death rate Inoculated 3824 39 1% Not 478 63 12%